Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

со всех языков на все языки

he resigned his post

  • 1 he has resigned his post as Permanent Secretary

    Общая лексика: (from) он ушёл с поста постоянного секретаря

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > he has resigned his post as Permanent Secretary

  • 2 he has resigned (from) his post as Permanent Secretary

    Общая лексика: он ушёл с поста постоянного секретаря

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > he has resigned (from) his post as Permanent Secretary

  • 3 he has resigned from his post as Permanent Secretary

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > he has resigned from his post as Permanent Secretary

  • 4 post

    I pəust noun
    (a long piece of wood, metal etc, usually fixed upright in the ground: The notice was nailed to a post; a gate-post; the winning-post.) poste
    - keep somebody posted
    - keep posted
    II
    1. pəust noun
    ((the system of collecting, transporting and delivering) letters, parcels etc: I sent the book by post; Has the post arrived yet?; Is there any post for me?)

    2. verb
    (to send (a letter etc) by post: He posted the parcel yesterday.) mandar por correo
    - postal
    - postage stamp
    - postal order
    - postbox
    - postcard
    - postcode
    - post-free
    - post-haste
    - posthaste
    - postman
    - postmark
    - postmaster
    - post office
    III
    1. pəust noun
    1) (a job: He has a post in the government; a teaching post.) puesto de trabajo, cargo
    2) (a place of duty: The soldier remained at his post.) puesto
    3) (a settlement, camp etc especially in a distant or unpopulated area: a trading-post.) puesto

    2. verb
    (to send somewhere on duty: He was posted abroad.) destinar; apostar

    IV pəust
    post1 n
    1. poste / palo / estaca
    2. correo
    3. puesto
    post2 vb enviar / mandar
    could you post this letter for me? ¿me puedes echar esta carta al correo?
    tr[pəʊst]
    1 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL (mail) correo; (collection) recogida; (delivery) reparto
    ■ is there anything for me in the post? ¿hay alguna carta para mí en el correo?
    1 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL (send - letter, parcel) enviar por correo, mandar por correo, echar al correo; (put in postbox) echar al buzón
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to keep somebody posted mantener a alguien al corriente, tener a alguien al corriente
    to post something to somebody mandar algo a alguien (por correo)
    post office Correos, oficina de correos
    post office box apartado de correos
    ————————
    tr[pəʊst]
    1 (job) puesto, empleo; (important position) cargo
    2 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL puesto
    1 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL destinar, apostar
    2 (employee) destinar, mandar
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to take up one's post (job) ocupar el cargo, entrar en funciones
    ————————
    tr[pəʊst]
    1 (of wood) estaca, poste nombre masculino
    1 (notice, list) fijar, poner, exponer
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    'Post no bills' "Prohibido fijar carteles"
    finishing post poste nombre masculino de llegada
    post ['po:st] vt
    1) mail: echar al correo, mandar por correo
    2) announce: anunciar
    they've posted the grades: han anunciado las notas
    3) affix: fijar, poner (noticias, etc.)
    4) station: apostar
    5)
    to keep (someone) posted : tener al corriente (a alguien)
    post n
    1) pole: poste m, palo m
    2) station: puesto m
    3) camp: puesto m (militar)
    4) job, position: puesto m, empleo m, cargo m
    n.
    • apostadero s.m.
    • buzón s.m.
    • cargo s.m.
    • correo s.m.
    • destino s.m.
    • estafeta s.f.
    • guarnición s.f.
    • mala s.f.
    • poste s.m.
    • puesto s.m.
    v.
    • apostar v.
    • contabilizar v.
    • echar al correo v.
    • fijar v.
    • mandar por correo v.
    • pegar v.
    • situar v.

    I pəʊst
    mass noun
    1)
    a) c ( pole) poste m

    as deaf as a post — más sordo que una tapia

    b) u ( in horse racing) poste m

    the finishing/starting post — el poste de llegada/salida, la meta/salida; pip II

    2) u ( mail) (esp BrE) correo m

    to send something by post o through the post — mandar or enviar* algo por correo

    by separate post — en sobre aparte or por separado

    it's in the post — ya ha sido enviado or está en camino

    was there any post this morning? — ¿llegó alguna carta esta mañana?

    the first/second post — ( delivery) el primer/segundo reparto; ( collection) la primera/segunda recogida

    to catch/miss the post — llegar* a/perder* la recogida

    3) c
    a) ( job) puesto m, empleo m

    to take up one's post — entrar en funciones, empezar* a trabajar

    b) ( important position) cargo m
    c) ( place of duty) puesto m
    4) c ( station) puesto m

    a frontier/customs post — un puesto fronterizo/de aduanas


    II
    1)
    a) ( position) \<\<policeman/soldier\>\> apostar
    b) ( send) \<\<employee/diplomat\>\> destinar, mandar
    2) ( mail) (esp BrE) \<\<letter/parcel\>\> echar al correo; ( drop in postbox) echar al buzón

    to post something to somebody — mandarle or enviarle* algo a alguien (por correo)

    3)
    a) ( announce) \<\<meeting/reward\>\> anunciar

    to keep somebody posted — mantener* or tener* a alguien al tanto or al corriente

    b) post (up) \<\<list/notice\>\> poner*, fijar

    I [pǝʊst]
    1. N
    1) [of wood, metal] poste m; (also: goalpost) poste m (de la portería); (for fencing, marking) estaca f; bedpost, deaf 1., 1), doorpost, pillar 1.
    2) (Sport)

    • the starting/ finishing post — el poste de salida/llegada

    • the winning post — la meta

    - be left at the post
    first 1., pip III
    3) (on Internet) mensaje m
    2. VT
    1) (=put up) [+ bill, notice] (also: post up) poner
    2) (=announce) [+ exam results] hacer público, sacar

    • to post sth/sb (as) missing — dar algo/a algn por desaparecido

    3) (Comm) (also: post up) [+ transaction] anotar, registrar; (US) (St Ex) [+ profit, loss] registrar
    4) (=inform)

    • to keep sb posted (on or about sth) — tener or mantener a algn al corriente or al tanto or informado (de algo)

    5) (US) (Sport) [+ time, score] registrar, obtener
    6) (Internet) colgar, publicar
    3.
    CPD

    post hole N — agujero m de poste


    II [pǝʊst]
    1. N
    1) (Brit) (=mail service) correo m

    • by post or through the post — por correo

    • first-class post — correo m preferente

    • your cheque is in the post — su cheque está en el correo

    • second-class post — correo m normal

    first-class 2., registered 2., return 1., 1)
    2) (=letters) correo m

    is there any post for me? — ¿hay correo para mí?

    3) (=office) correos m; (=mailbox) buzón m

    • to drop or put sth in the post — echar algo al correo or al buzón

    to drop or put sth in the post to sb — enviar or mandar algo a algn

    4) (=collection) recogida f; (=delivery) entrega f

    the post goes at 8.30 — la recogida del correo es a las 8.30, recogen el correo a las 8.30

    • to catch the post — echar el correo antes de la recogida

    • first post — (=collection) primera recogida f; (=delivery) primer reparto m, primera entrega f

    • last post — (=collection) última recogida

    • to miss the post — no llegar a tiempo para la recogida del correo

    • it will arrive in the second post — llegue en el segundo reparto

    5) (=cost) gastos mpl de envío

    • post and packing — gastos mpl de envío

    6) (Hist) (=rider) correo m; (=coach) posta f
    2.
    VT (=send by post) (also: post off) mandar or enviar por correo; (Brit) (=put in mailbox) echar al correo or al buzón

    • to post sth to sb — mandar or enviar algo a algn por correo

    he posted a message to a newsgroup — (Internet) dejó un mensaje en un grupo de discusión

    3.
    CPD

    post horn N — corneta f del correo

    post office N — oficina f de correos, correos m, correo m (LAm)

    I'm going to the post office — voy a correos, voy al correo (LAm)

    the Post Office N — ≈ la Dirección General de Correos

    post office box N — apartado m de correos, casilla f (postal or de correo(s)) (LAm)

    Post Office Savings Bank N — ≈ Caja f Postal de Ahorros

    post office worker N — empleado(-a) m / f de correos


    III [pǝʊst]
    1. N
    1) (=job) (gen) puesto m; (high-ranking) cargo m

    • to hold a post — (gen) ocupar un puesto; (high-ranking) ocupar un cargo

    • to take up one's post — (gen) ocupar el puesto; (high-ranking) entrar en funciones, ocupar el cargo

    2) (Mil) (=place of duty, stronghold) puesto m; (for gun) emplazamiento m

    • at one's post — en su puesto

    • border or frontier post — puesto m fronterizo

    • first post — (toque m de) diana f

    • last post — (toque m de) retreta f

    command 3., customs 2., observation 2.
    2. VT
    1) (Mil) [+ sentry, guard] apostar
    2) (Brit) (=send) [+ diplomat, soldier] destinar
    3) (US) (Jur) [+ collateral] pagar

    • to post bail — pagar la fianza

    3.
    CPD

    post exchange N — (US) (Mil) economato m militar, cooperativa f militar

    * * *

    I [pəʊst]
    mass noun
    1)
    a) c ( pole) poste m

    as deaf as a post — más sordo que una tapia

    b) u ( in horse racing) poste m

    the finishing/starting post — el poste de llegada/salida, la meta/salida; pip II

    2) u ( mail) (esp BrE) correo m

    to send something by post o through the post — mandar or enviar* algo por correo

    by separate post — en sobre aparte or por separado

    it's in the post — ya ha sido enviado or está en camino

    was there any post this morning? — ¿llegó alguna carta esta mañana?

    the first/second post — ( delivery) el primer/segundo reparto; ( collection) la primera/segunda recogida

    to catch/miss the post — llegar* a/perder* la recogida

    3) c
    a) ( job) puesto m, empleo m

    to take up one's post — entrar en funciones, empezar* a trabajar

    b) ( important position) cargo m
    c) ( place of duty) puesto m
    4) c ( station) puesto m

    a frontier/customs post — un puesto fronterizo/de aduanas


    II
    1)
    a) ( position) \<\<policeman/soldier\>\> apostar
    b) ( send) \<\<employee/diplomat\>\> destinar, mandar
    2) ( mail) (esp BrE) \<\<letter/parcel\>\> echar al correo; ( drop in postbox) echar al buzón

    to post something to somebody — mandarle or enviarle* algo a alguien (por correo)

    3)
    a) ( announce) \<\<meeting/reward\>\> anunciar

    to keep somebody posted — mantener* or tener* a alguien al tanto or al corriente

    b) post (up) \<\<list/notice\>\> poner*, fijar

    English-spanish dictionary > post

  • 5 dimitir

    v.
    to resign.
    * * *
    1 to resign
    1 to resign (de, from)
    ■ dimitió del/el cargo de presidente he resigned his post as president
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1.
    VI to resign (de from)
    2.
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo to resign
    * * *
    = step down, resign, stand down.
    Ex. She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.
    Ex. The board of trustees decided to hand Balzac an official reprimand with the warning that if more staff resigned he would be asked to resign himself.
    Ex. Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.
    ----
    * dimitir de un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo to resign
    * * *
    = step down, resign, stand down.

    Ex: She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.

    Ex: The board of trustees decided to hand Balzac an official reprimand with the warning that if more staff resigned he would be asked to resign himself.
    Ex: Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.
    * dimitir de un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.

    * * *
    dimitir [I1 ]
    vi
    to resign dimitir DE algo to resign FROM sth
    ha dimitido de su cargo he has tendered his resignation, he has resigned (from) his post
    sustituyó al dimitido entrenador he replaced the coach who (had) resigned
    ■ dimitir
    vt
    ( frml); ‹presidencia/secretaría› to resign ( frml), to resign from
    * * *

    dimitir ( conjugate dimitir) verbo intransitivo
    to resign;
    dimitir de algo to resign from sth
    dimitir verbo intransitivo to resign: dimitió de su cargo de presidente, he resigned from his post as president
    ' dimitir' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    cesar
    - renunciar
    English:
    alternative
    - choice
    - quit
    - resign
    - step down
    - stand
    - step
    * * *
    to resign (de from);
    dimitió de su cargo como secretario he resigned from his post as secretary
    * * *
    v/i resign
    * * *
    : to resign, to step down
    * * *
    dimitir vb to resign

    Spanish-English dictionary > dimitir

  • 6 renunciar

    v.
    1 to resign.
    renunció a su cargo de secretario he resigned his position as secretary
    2 to renounce, to give up, to bow out, to abandon.
    3 to disclaim, to abandon, to surrender.
    El ladrón entregó las joyas The thief rendered up the jewels.
    * * *
    1 (abandonar) to give up (a, -), abandon (a, -)
    2 (dimitir) to resign
    ■ renunció a su puesto he resigned his post, he resigned
    3 DERECHO to renounce (a, -), relinquish (a, -)
    4 (en los naipes) to revoke, not to follow suit
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    VI
    1)

    renunciar a — [+ derecho, trono] to renounce; [+ exigencia, plan] to abandon, drop

    ¿renuncias a Satanás? — do you renounce Satan?

    2) (=dimitir) to resign
    3) (Naipes) to revoke
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( dimitir) to resign

    renunciar A algo — a puesto to resign something

    2) (a derecho, proyecto)

    renunciar A algo — to give up o relinquish something

    * * *
    = abdicate, abrogate, renounce, surrender, step down, stand down.
    Ex. Will LC, after becoming the de facto national library as a result of the technological innovation of the standard, printed catalog card, be forced to abdicate its role?.
    Ex. As a result of undermanning the university's computer centre has abrogated any constructive influence on libraries' choice of computer systems.
    Ex. 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.
    Ex. Instead the two ecclesiastical disputes which arose from Diocletian's decree to surrender scriptures must be seen as more disastrous to Christian unity than the destruction of libraries.
    Ex. She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.
    Ex. Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.
    ----
    * renunciar a = give up, relinquish, forego [forgo].
    * renunciar a un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( dimitir) to resign

    renunciar A algo — a puesto to resign something

    2) (a derecho, proyecto)

    renunciar A algo — to give up o relinquish something

    * * *
    = abdicate, abrogate, renounce, surrender, step down, stand down.

    Ex: Will LC, after becoming the de facto national library as a result of the technological innovation of the standard, printed catalog card, be forced to abdicate its role?.

    Ex: As a result of undermanning the university's computer centre has abrogated any constructive influence on libraries' choice of computer systems.
    Ex: 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.
    Ex: Instead the two ecclesiastical disputes which arose from Diocletian's decree to surrender scriptures must be seen as more disastrous to Christian unity than the destruction of libraries.
    Ex: She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.
    Ex: Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.
    * renunciar a = give up, relinquish, forego [forgo].
    * renunciar a un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.

    * * *
    renunciar [A1 ]
    vi
    A (dimitir) to resign renunciar A algo:
    renunció a su puesto en la dirección he resigned his position on the board, he resigned from the board
    B (a un derecho, un proyecto) renunciar A algo to give up o relinquish sth
    renunció a su parte de la herencia she relinquished her part of the inheritance
    ¿renuncias a Satanás? do you renounce Satan?
    renunció a la acción de indemnización de perjuicios she abandoned o dropped her claim for damages
    C ( Esp) (en naipes) to revoke, fail to follow suit
    to deny oneself, make a sacrifice
    * * *

     

    renunciar ( conjugate renunciar) verbo intransitivo ( dimitir) to resign;
    renunciar A algo ‹ a puesto› to resign sth;
    ‹ a derecho› to relinquish sth, renounce sth (frml);
    ‹ a título› to give up sth, relinquish sth;
    ‹ a trono› to renounce sth
    renunciar verbo intransitivo
    1 (a un derecho, bien) to renounce, give up: renunció a la felicidad, he renounced happiness
    renunciamos a la herencia, we relinquished the inheritance
    2 (a un vicio, placer, proyecto) to give up: tendré que renunciar a los dulces, I've got to stop eating sweets
    renunciamos a ir de viaje, we gave up travelling
    3 (no aceptar) to decline
    4 (a un cargo) to resign
    ' renunciar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abdicar
    - sacrificar
    - desechar
    - desprender
    - hablar
    - macana
    - opinar
    - voluntad
    English:
    abandon
    - disclaim
    - forgo
    - relinquish
    - renounce
    - resign
    - surrender
    - withdraw
    - drop
    - forsake
    - stand
    - step
    - waive
    * * *
    1.
    renunciar a algo [abandonar, prescindir de] to give sth up;
    renunciar a un proyecto to abandon a project;
    renunciar al tabaco to give up o stop smoking;
    renunciar a la violencia to renounce the use of violence
    2. [dimitir] to resign;
    renunció a su cargo de secretario he resigned his position as secretary
    3. [rechazar]
    renunciar a hacer algo to refuse to do sth;
    renunciar a algo [premio, oferta] to turn sth down;
    renunció a recibir ayuda del extranjero he refused to accept help from abroad
    4. [en naipes] to revoke
    * * *
    v/i
    :
    renunciar a tabaco, alcohol etc give up; demanda drop; puesto resign
    * * *
    1) : to resign
    2)
    renunciar a : to renounce, to relinquish
    renunció al título: herelinquished the title
    * * *
    1. (rechazar) to renounce
    2. (dimitir) to resign
    renunció a su cargo he resigned / he resigned from his post
    3. (abandonar) to give up [pt. gave; pp. given]

    Spanish-English dictionary > renunciar

  • 7 Santana Lopes, Pedro Miguel de

    (1956-)
       Portuguese lawyer and politician, and prime minister (2004-05). Born in Lisbon in 1956, Santana Lopes took a law degree from the University of Lisbon and was a Student Union leader. In 1976, he joined the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and became a legal advisor to Prime Minister Francisco Sá Carneiro. Santana Lopes has always considered himself a follower of the late Sá Carneiro. In 1986, he became assistant state secretary to Prime Minister Aníbal Cavaco Silva, and the following year was elected to the European Parliament, in which he served for two years. In 1991, Cavaco Silva named him secretary of state for culture. He served in various other posts, including mayor of Lisbon, and he founded a weekly newspaper, Semanário.
       In 1998, Santana Lopes withdrew from politics after being negatively depicted in a private television station comic sketch. Instead, he continued in politics and rose to the vice-presidency of the PSD. José Manuel Durão Barroso resigned in July 2004 to become president of the European Commission, and Santana Lopes became PSD leader. Since his party was the major partner in the governing coalition at this time and Barroso had resigned his post, Santana Lopes succeeded him.
       Santana Lopes' brief premiership was fraught with difficulties. The national economy was in a crisis, and there were frequent cabinet shuffles, factionalism among PSD leaders, and questions being raised about the competence of Santana Lopes to govern effectively. President Jorge Sampaio called a parliamentary election for February 2005, following the resignation of the minister of sport from the cabinet and that minister's attacks on the prime minister's conduct. The Socialist Party (PS) under José Sócrates won the election, and Santana Lopes left office to resume his post as mayor of Lisbon. Santana Lopes, however, after in-fighting with his party and following the party's failure to endorse him as a candidate for the upcoming municipal elections, resigned this post one month before the election of February 2005.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Santana Lopes, Pedro Miguel de

  • 8 Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira

    (1889-1970)
       The Coimbra University professor of finance and economics and one of the founders of the Estado Novo, who came to dominate Western Europe's longest surviving authoritarian system. Salazar was born on 28 April 1889, in Vimieiro, Beira Alta province, the son of a peasant estate manager and a shopkeeper. Most of his first 39 years were spent as a student, and later as a teacher in a secondary school and a professor at Coimbra University's law school. Nine formative years were spent at Viseu's Catholic Seminary (1900-09), preparing for the Catholic priesthood, but the serious, studious Salazar decided to enter Coimbra University instead in 1910, the year the Braganza monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the First Republic. Salazar received some of the highest marks of his generation of students and, in 1918, was awarded a doctoral degree in finance and economics. Pleading inexperience, Salazar rejected an invitation in August 1918 to become finance minister in the "New Republic" government of President Sidónio Pais.
       As a celebrated academic who was deeply involved in Coimbra University politics, publishing works on the troubled finances of the besieged First Republic, and a leader of Catholic organizations, Sala-zar was not as modest, reclusive, or unknown as later official propaganda led the public to believe. In 1921, as a Catholic deputy, he briefly served in the First Republic's turbulent congress (parliament) but resigned shortly after witnessing but one stormy session. Salazar taught at Coimbra University as of 1916, and continued teaching until April 1928. When the military overthrew the First Republic in May 1926, Salazar was offered the Ministry of Finance and held office for several days. The ascetic academic, however, resigned his post when he discovered the degree of disorder in Lisbon's government and when his demands for budget authority were rejected.
       As the military dictatorship failed to reform finances in the following years, Salazar was reinvited to become minister of finances in April 1928. Since his conditions for acceptance—authority over all budget expenditures, among other powers—were accepted, Salazar entered the government. Using the Ministry of Finance as a power base, following several years of successful financial reforms, Salazar was named interim minister of colonies (1930) and soon garnered sufficient prestige and authority to become head of the entire government. In July 1932, Salazar was named prime minister, the first civilian to hold that post since the 1926 military coup.
       Salazar gathered around him a team of largely academic experts in the cabinet during the period 1930-33. His government featured several key policies: Portuguese nationalism, colonialism (rebuilding an empire in shambles), Catholicism, and conservative fiscal management. Salazar's government came to be called the Estado Novo. It went through three basic phases during Salazar's long tenure in office, and Salazar's role underwent changes as well. In the early years (1928-44), Salazar and the Estado Novo enjoyed greater vigor and popularity than later. During the middle years (1944—58), the regime's popularity waned, methods of repression increased and hardened, and Salazar grew more dogmatic in his policies and ways. During the late years (1958-68), the regime experienced its most serious colonial problems, ruling circles—including Salazar—aged and increasingly failed, and opposition burgeoned and grew bolder.
       Salazar's plans for stabilizing the economy and strengthening social and financial programs were shaken with the impact of the civil war (1936-39) in neighboring Spain. Salazar strongly supported General Francisco Franco's Nationalist rebels, the eventual victors in the war. But, as the civil war ended and World War II began in September 1939, Salazar's domestic plans had to be adjusted. As Salazar came to monopolize Lisbon's power and authority—indeed to embody the Estado Novo itself—during crises that threatened the future of the regime, he assumed ever more key cabinet posts. At various times between 1936 and 1944, he took over the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and of War (Defense), until the crises passed. At the end of the exhausting period of World War II, there were rumors that the former professor would resign from government and return to Coimbra University, but Salazar continued as the increasingly isolated, dominating "recluse of São Bento," that part of the parliament's buildings housing the prime minister's offices and residence.
       Salazar dominated the Estado Novo's government in several ways: in day-to-day governance, although this diminished as he delegated wider powers to others after 1944, and in long-range policy decisions, as well as in the spirit and image of the system. He also launched and dominated the single party, the União Nacional. A lifelong bachelor who had once stated that he could not leave for Lisbon because he had to care for his aged mother, Salazar never married, but lived with a beloved housekeeper from his Coimbra years and two adopted daughters. During his 36-year tenure as prime minister, Salazar engineered the important cabinet reshuffles that reflect the history of the Estado Novo and of Portugal.
       A number of times, in connection with significant events, Salazar decided on important cabinet officer changes: 11 April 1933 (the adoption of the Estado Novo's new 1933 Constitution); 18 January 1936 (the approach of civil war in Spain and the growing threat of international intervention in Iberian affairs during the unstable Second Spanish Republic of 1931-36); 4 September 1944 (the Allied invasion of Europe at Normandy and the increasing likelihood of a defeat of the Fascists by the Allies, which included the Soviet Union); 14 August 1958 (increased domestic dissent and opposition following the May-June 1958 presidential elections in which oppositionist and former regime stalwart-loyalist General Humberto Delgado garnered at least 25 percent of the national vote, but lost to regime candidate, Admiral Américo Tomás); 13 April 1961 (following the shock of anticolonial African insurgency in Portugal's colony of Angola in January-February 1961, the oppositionist hijacking of a Portuguese ocean liner off South America by Henrique Galvão, and an abortive military coup that failed to oust Salazar from office); and 19 August 1968 (the aging of key leaders in the government, including the now gravely ill Salazar, and the defection of key younger followers).
       In response to the 1961 crisis in Africa and to threats to Portuguese India from the Indian government, Salazar assumed the post of minister of defense (April 1961-December 1962). The failing leader, whose true state of health was kept from the public for as long as possible, appointed a group of younger cabinet officers in the 1960s, but no likely successors were groomed to take his place. Two of the older generation, Teotónio Pereira, who was in bad health, and Marcello Caetano, who preferred to remain at the University of Lisbon or in private law practice, remained in the political wilderness.
       As the colonial wars in three African territories grew more costly, Salazar became more isolated from reality. On 3 August 1968, while resting at his summer residence, the Fortress of São João do Estoril outside Lisbon, a deck chair collapsed beneath Salazar and his head struck the hard floor. Some weeks later, as a result, Salazar was incapacitated by a stroke and cerebral hemorrhage, was hospitalized, and became an invalid. While hesitating to fill the power vacuum that had unexpectedly appeared, President Tomás finally replaced Salazar as prime minister on 27 September 1968, with his former protégé and colleague, Marcello Caetano. Salazar was not informed that he no longer headed the government, but he never recovered his health. On 27 July 1970, Salazar died in Lisbon and was buried at Santa Comba Dão, Vimieiro, his village and place of birth.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira

  • 9 Mitscherlich, Alexander

    SUBJECT AREA: Paper and printing
    [br]
    b. 28 May 1836 Berlin, Germany
    d. 31 May 1918 Oberstdorf, Germany
    [br]
    German inventor of sulphite wood pulp for papermaking.
    [br]
    Mitscherlich had an impeccable scientific background; his father was the celebrated chemist Eilhardt Mitscherlich, discoverer of the law of isomorphism, and his godfather was Alexander von Humboldt. At first his progress at school failed to live up to this auspicious beginning and his father would only sanction higher studies if he first qualified as a teacher so as to assure a means of livelihood. Alexander rose to the occasion and went on to gain his doctorate at the age of 25 in the field of mineralogical chemistry. He worked for a few years as Assistant to the distinguished chemists Wöhler in Göttingen and Wurtz in Paris. On his father's death in 1863, he succeeded him as teacher of chemistry in the University of Berlin. In 1868 he accepted a post in the newly established Forest Academy in Hannoversch-Munden, teaching chemistry, physics and geology. The post offered little financial advantage, but it left him more time for research. It was there that he invented the process for producing sulphite wood pulp.
    The paper industry was seeking new raw materials. Since the 1840s pulp had been produced mechanically from wood, but it was unsuitable for making fine papers. From the mid-1860s several chemists began tackling the problem of separating the cellulose fibres from the other constituents of wood by chemical means. The American Benjamin C.Tilghman was granted patents in several countries for the treatment of wood with acid or bisulphite. Carl Daniel Ekman in Sweden and Karl Kellner in Austria also made sulphite pulp, but the credit for devising the process that came into general use belongs to Mitscherlich. His brother Oskar came to him at the Academy with plans for producing pulp by the action of soda, but the results were inferior, so Mitscherlich substituted calcium bisulphite and in the laboratory obtained good results. To extend this to a large-scale process, he was forced to set up his own mill, where he devised the characteristic towers for making the calcium bisulphite, in which water trickling down through packed lime met a rising current of sulphur dioxide. He was granted a patent in Luxembourg in 1874 and a German one four years later. The sulphite process did not make him rich, for there was considerable opposition to it; government objected to the smell of sulphur dioxide, forestry authorities were anxious about the inroads that might be made into the forests and his patents were contested. In 1883, with the support of an inheritance from his mother, Mitscherlich resigned his post at the Academy to devote more time to promoting his invention. In 1897 he at last succeeded in settling the patent disputes and achieving recognition as the inventor of sulphite pulp. Without this raw material, the paper industry could never have satisfied the insatiable appetite of the newspaper presses.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    H.Voorn "Alexander Mitscherlich, inventor of sulphite wood pulp", Paper Maker 23(1): 41–4.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Mitscherlich, Alexander

  • 10 Caro, Heinrich

    [br]
    b. 13 February 1834 Poznan, Poland
    d. 11 October 1911 Dresden, Germany
    [br]
    German dyestuffi chemist.
    [br]
    Caro received vocational training as a dyer at the Gewerbeinstitut in Berlin from 1852, at the same time attending chemistry lectures at the university there. In 1855 he was hired as a colourist by a firm of calico printers in Mulheim an der Ruhr, where he was able to demonstrate the value of scientific training in solving practical problems. Two years later, the year after Perkin's discovery of aniline dyes, he was sent to England in order to learn the latest dyeing techniques. He took up a post an analytical chemist with the chemical firm Roberts, Dale \& Co. in Manchester; after finding a better way of synthesizing Perkin's mauve, he became a partner in the business. Caro was able to enlarge both his engineering experience and his chemical knowledge there, particularly by studying Hofmann's researches on the aniline dyes. He made several discoveries, including induline, Bismark brown and Martius yellow.
    Like other German chemists, however, he found greater opportunities opening up in Germany, and in 1866 he returned to take up a post in Bunsen's laboratory in Heidelberg. In 1868 Caro obtained the important directorship of Badische Anilin-Soda- Fabrik (BASF), the first true industrial research organization and leading centre of dyestuffs research. A steady stream of commercial successes followed. In 1869, after Graebe and Liebermann had showed him their laboratory synthesis of the red dye alizarin, Caro went on to develop a cheaper and commercially viable method. During the 1870s he collaborated with Adolf von Baeyer to make methylene blue and related dyes, and then went on to the azo dyes. His work on indigo was important, but was not crowned with commercial success; that came in 1897 when his successor at BASF discovered a suitable process for producing indigo on a commercial scale. Caro had resigned his post in 1889, by which time he had made notable contributions to German supremacy in the fast-developing dyestuffs industry.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    A.Bernthsen, 1912, obituary, Berichte derDeut
    schen Chemischen Gesellschaft, 45; 1,987–2,042 (a substantial obituary).
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Caro, Heinrich

  • 11 resign *** re·sign

    [rɪ'zaɪn]
    1. vt
    (office, leadership) lasciare, (frm: claim) rinunciare a

    to resign o.s. to (doing) sth — rassegnarsi a (fare) qc

    2. vi

    to resign (from) — dimettersi (da), dare le dimissioni (da)

    English-Italian dictionary > resign *** re·sign

  • 12 Treadgold, Arthur Newton Christian

    [br]
    b. August 1863 Woolsthorpe, Grantham, Lincolnshire, England
    d. 23 March 1951 London, England
    [br]
    English organizer of the Yukon gold fields in Canada, who introduced hydraulic mining.
    [br]
    A direct descendant of Sir Isaac Newton, Treadgold worked as a schoolmaster, mostly at Bath College, for eleven years after completing his studies at Oxford University. He gained a reputation as an energetic teacher who devoted much of his work to sport, but he resigned his post and returned to Oxford; here, in 1897, he learned of the gold rush in the Klondike in the Canadian northwest. With a view to making his own fortune, he took a course in geology at the London Geological College and in 1898 set off for Dawson City, in the Yukon Territory. Working as a correspondent for two English newspapers, he studied thoroughly the situation there; he decided to join the stampede, but as a rather sophisticated gold hustler.
    As there were limited water resources for sluicing or dredging, and underground mining methods were too expensive, Treadgold conceived the idea of hydraulic mining. He designed a ditch-and-siphon system for bringing large amounts of water down from the mountains; in 1901, after three years of negotiation with the Canadian government in Ottawa, he obtained permission to set up the Treadgold Concession to cover the water supply to the Klondike mining claims. This enabled him to supply giant water cannons which battered the hillsides, breaking up the gravel which was then sluiced. Massive protests by the individual miners in the Dawson City region, which he had overrun with his system, led to the concession being rescinded in 1904. Two years later, however, Treadgold began again, forming the Yukon Gold Company, initially in partnership with Solomon Guggenheim; he started work on a channel, completed in 1910, to carry water over a distance of 115 km (70 miles) down to Bonanza Creek. In 1919 he founded the Granville Mining Company, which was to give him control of all the gold-mining operations in the southern Klondike region. When he returned to London in the following year, the company began to fail, and in 1920 he went bankrupt with liabilities totalling more than $2 million. After the Yukon Consolidated Gold Corporation had been formed in 1923, Treadgold returned to the Klondike in 1925 in order to acquire the assets of the operating companies; he gained control and personally supervised the operations. But the company drifted towards disaster, and in 1930 he was dismissed from active management and his shares were cancelled by the courts; he fought for their reinstatement right up until his death.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    L.Green, 1977, The Gold Hustlers, Anchorage, Alaska (describes this outstanding character and his unusual gold-prospecting career).
    WK

    Biographical history of technology > Treadgold, Arthur Newton Christian

  • 13 Socialist Party / Partido Socialista

    (PS)
       Although the Socialist Party's origins can be traced back to the 1850s, its existence has not been continuous. The party did not achieve or maintain a large base of support until after the Revolution of 25 April 1974. Historically, it played only a minor political role when compared to other European socialist parties.
       During the Estado Novo, the PS found it difficult to maintain a clandestine existence, and the already weak party literally withered away. Different groups and associations endeavored to keep socialist ideals alive, but they failed to create an organizational structure that would endure. In 1964, Mário Soares, Francisco Ramos da Costa, and Manuel Tito de Morais established the Portuguese Socialist Action / Acção Socialista Português (ASP) in Geneva, a group of individuals with similar views rather than a true political party. Most members were middle-class professionals committed to democratizing the nation. The rigidity of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) led some to join the ASP.
       By the early 1970s, ASP nuclei existed beyond Portugal in Paris, London, Rome, Brussels, Frankfurt, Sweden, and Switzerland; these consisted of members studying, working, teaching, researching, or in other activities. Extensive connections were developed with other foreign socialist parties. Changing conditions in Portugal, as well as the colonial wars, led several ASP members to advocate the creation of a real political party, strengthening the organization within Portugal, and positioning this to compete for power once the regime changed.
       The current PS was founded clandestinely on 19 April 1973, by a group of 27 exiled Portuguese and domestic ASP representatives at the Kurt Schumacher Academy of the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung in Bad Munstereifel, West Germany. The founding philosophy was influenced by nondogmatic Marxism as militants sought to create a classless society. The rhetoric was to be revolutionary to outflank its competitors, especially the PCP, on its left. The party hoped to attract reform-minded Catholics and other groups that were committed to democracy but could not support the communists.
       At the time of the 1974 revolution, the PS was little more than an elite faction based mainly among exiles. It was weakly organized and had little grassroots support outside the major cities and larger towns. Its organization did not improve significantly until the campaign for the April 1975 constituent elections. Since then, the PS has become very pragmatic and moderate and has increasingly diluted its socialist program until it has become a center-left party. Among the party's most consistent principles in its platform since the late 1970s has been its support for Portugal's membership in the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Union (EU), a view that clashed with those of its rivals to the left, especially the PCP. Given the PS's broad base of support, the increased distance between its leftist rhetoric and its more conservative actions has led to sharp internal divisions in the party. The PS and the Social Democratic Party (PSD) are now the two dominant parties in the Portuguese political party system.
       In doctrine and rhetoric the PS has undergone a de-Marxification and a movement toward the center as a means to challenge its principal rival for hegemony, the PSD. The uneven record of the PS in general elections since its victory in 1975, and sometimes its failure to keep strong legislative majorities, have discouraged voters. While the party lost the 1979 and 1980 general elections, it triumphed in the 1983 elections, when it won 36 percent of the vote, but it still did not gain an absolute majority in the Assembly of the Republic. The PSD led by Cavaco Silva dominated elections from 1985 to 1995, only to be defeated by the PS in the 1995 general elections. By 2000, the PS had conquered the commanding heights of the polity: President Jorge Sampaio had been reelected for a second term, PS prime minister António Guterres was entrenched, and the mayor of Lisbon was João Soares, son of the former socialist president, Mário Soares (1986-96).
       The ideological transformation of the PS occurred gradually after 1975, within the context of a strong PSD, an increasingly conservative electorate, and the de-Marxification of other European Socialist parties, including those in Germany and Scandinavia. While the PS paid less attention to the PCP on its left and more attention to the PSD, party leaders shed Marxist trappings. In the 1986 PS official program, for example, the text does not include the word Marxism.
       Despite the party's election victories in the mid- and late-1990s, the leadership discovered that their grasp of power and their hegemony in governance at various levels was threatened by various factors: President Jorge Sampaio's second term, the constitution mandated, had to be his last.
       Following the defeat of the PS by the PSD in the municipal elections of December 2001, Premier Antônio Guterres resigned his post, and President Sampaio dissolved parliament and called parliamentary elections for the spring. In the 17 March 2002 elections, following Guterres's resignation as party leader, the PS was defeated by the PSD by a vote of 40 percent to 38 percent. Among the factors that brought about the socialists' departure from office was the worsening post-September 11 economy and disarray within the PS leadership circles, as well as charges of corruption among PS office holders. However, the PS won 45 percent of the vote in parliamentary elections of 2005, and the leader of the party, José Sócrates, a self-described "market-oriented socialist" became prime minister.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Socialist Party / Partido Socialista

  • 14 Brunel, Sir Marc Isambard

    [br]
    b. 26 April 1769 Hacqueville, Normandy, France
    d. 12 December 1849 London, England
    [br]
    French (naturalized American) engineer of the first Thames Tunnel.
    [br]
    His mother died when he was 7 years old, a year later he went to college in Gisors and later to the Seminary of Sainte-Nicaise at Rouen. From 1786 to 1792 he followed a career in the French navy as a junior officer. In Rouen he met Sophie Kingdom, daughter of a British Navy contractor, whom he was later to marry. In July 1793 Marc sailed for America from Le Havre. He was to remain there for six years, and became an American citizen, occupying himself as a land surveyor and as an architect. He became Chief Engineer to the City of New York. At General Hamilton's dinner table he learned that the British Navy used over 100,000 ship's blocks every year; this started him thinking how the manufacture of blocks could be mechanized. He roughed out a set of machines to do the job, resigned his post as Chief Engineer and sailed for England in February 1799.
    In London he was shortly introduced to Henry Maudslay, to whom he showed the drawings of his proposed machines and with whom he placed an order for their manufacture. The first machines were completed by mid-1803. Altogether Maudslay produced twenty-one machines for preparing the shells, sixteen for preparing the sheaves and eight other machines.
    In February 1809 he saw troops at Portsmouth returning from Corunna, the victors, with their lacerated feet bound in rags. He resolved to mechanize the production of boots for the Army and, within a few months, had twenty-four disabled soldiers working the machinery he had invented and installed near his Battersea sawmill. The plant could produce 400 pairs of boots and shoes a day, selling at between 9s. 6d. and 20s. a pair. One day in 1817 at Chatham dockyard he observed a piece of scrap keel timber, showing the ravages wrought by the shipworm, Teredo navalis, which, with its proboscis protected by two jagged concave triangular shells, consumes, digests and finally excretes the ship's timbers as it gnaws its way through them. The excreted material provided material for lining the walls of the tunnel the worm had drilled. Brunel decided to imitate the action of the shipworm on a large scale: the Thames Tunnel was to occupy Marc Brunel for most of the remainder of his life. Boring started in March 1825 and was completed by March 1843. The project lay dormant for long periods, but eventually the 1,200 ft (366 m)-long tunnel was completed. Marc Isambard Brunel died at the age of 80 and was buried at Kensal Green cemetery.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1814. Vice-President, Royal Society 1832.
    Further Reading
    P.Clements, 1970, Marc Isambard Brunel, London: Longmans Green.
    IMcN

    Biographical history of technology > Brunel, Sir Marc Isambard

  • 15 Pattinson, Hugh Lee

    SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy
    [br]
    b. 25 December 1796 Alston, Cumberland, England
    d. 11 November 1858 Scot's House, Gateshead, England
    [br]
    English inventor of a silver-extraction process.
    [br]
    Born into a Quaker family, he was educated at private schools; his studies included electricity and chemistry, with a bias towards metallurgy. Around 1821 Pattinson became Clerk and Assistant to Anthony Clapham, a soap-boiler of Newcastle upon Tyne. In 1825 he secured appointment as Assay Master to the lords of the manor of Alston. There he was able to pursue the subject of special interest to him, and in January 1829 he devised a method of separating silver from lead ore; however, he was prevented from developing it because of a lack of funds.
    Two years later he was appointed Manager of Wentworth Beaumont's lead-works. There he was able to continue his researches, which culminated in the patent of 1833 enshrining the invention by which he is best known: a new process for extracting silver from lead by skimming crystals of pure lead with a perforated ladle from the surface of the molten silver-bearing lead, contained in a succession of cast-iron pots. The molten metal was stirred as it cooled until one pot provided a metal containing 300 oz. of silver to the ton (8,370 g to the tonne). Until that time, it was unprofitable to extract silver from lead ores containing less than 8 oz. per ton (223 g per tonne), but the Pattinson process reduced that to 2–3 oz. (56–84 g per tonne), and it therefore won wide acceptance. Pattinson resigned his post and went into partnership to establish a chemical works near Gateshead. He was able to devise two further processes of importance, one an improved method of obtaining white lead and the other a new process for manufacturing magnesia alba, or basic carbonate of magnesium. Both processes were patented in 1841.
    Pattinson retired in 1858 and devoted himself to the study of astronomy, aided by a 7½ in. (19 cm) equatorial telescope that he had erected at his home at Scot's House.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Vice-President, British Association Chemical Section 1838. Fellow of the Geological Society, Royal Astronomical Society and Royal Society 1852.
    Bibliography
    Pattinson wrote eight scientific papers, mainly on mining, listed in Royal Society Catalogue of Scientific Papers, most of which appeared in the Philosophical
    Magazine.
    Further Reading
    J.Percy, Metallurgy (volume on lead): 121–44 (fully describes Pattinson's desilvering process).
    Lonsdale, 1873, Worthies of Cumberland, pp. 273–320 (contains details of his life). T.K.Derry and T.I.Williams, 1960, A Short History ofTechnology, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Pattinson, Hugh Lee

  • 16 Lanston, Tolbert

    SUBJECT AREA: Paper and printing
    [br]
    b. 3 February 1844 Troy, Ohio, USA
    d. 18 February 1913 Washington, DC, USA
    [br]
    American inventor of the Monotype typesetting machine.
    [br]
    Although reared in a farming community, Lanston was able to develop his mechanical talent. After serving in the American Civil War he secured a clerkship in the Pensions Office in Washington, where he remained for twenty-two years. He studied law in his spare time and was called to the Bar. At the same time, he invented a whole variety of mechanical devices, many of which he patented. Around 1883 Lanston began taking an interest in machines for composing printers' type, probably stimulated by Ottmar Mergenthaler, who was then in Washington and working in this field. Four years' work were rewarded on 7 June 1887 by the grant of a patent, followed by three more, for a machine "to produce justified lines of type". The machine, the Monotype, consisted of two components: first a keyboard unit produced a strip of paper tape with holes punched in patterns corresponding to the characters required; this tape controlled the matrices in the caster, the second and "hot metal" component, from which types were ejected singly and fed to an assembly point until a complete line of type had been formed. Lanston resigned his post and set up the Lanston Type Machine Company in Washington. He laboured for ten years to convert the device defined in his patents into a machine that could be made and used commercially. In 1897 the perfected Monotype appeared. The company was reorganized as the Lanston Monotype Manufacturing Company of Philadelphia, and Lanston devoted himself to promoting and improving the machine. Monotype, with Mergenthaler's Linotype, steadily supplanted hand-setting and the various inadequate mechanical methods that were then in use, and by the 1920s they reigned supreme, until the 1960s, when they themselves began to be superseded by computer-controlled photosetting methods.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Franklin Institute Cresson Gold Medal 1896.
    Further Reading
    Obituary, 1913, American Printer (March).
    L.A.Legros and J.C.Grant, 1916, Typographical Printing Surfaces, London.
    J.Moran, 1964, The Composition of Reading Matter, London.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Lanston, Tolbert

  • 17 resign

    1. I
    the government (the Prime Minister, the Minister of Education, etc.) has resigned правительство и т.д. ушло в отставку; he resigned a) он ушел с работы /бросил работать/; б) он подал в отставку
    2. II
    resign in some manner resign suddenly (reluctantly, nominally, officially, etc.) неожиданно /внезапно/ и т.д. уходить в отставку; he resigned voluntarily он ушел по собственному желанию
    3. III
    resign smth.
    1) resign office /a post, a position/ отказаться от должности; resign a position of trust отказаться от ответственного положения; resign one's job /one's position/ уходить с работы /с должности/; resign one's charge (one's task, one's duties, etc.) слагать с себя обязанности и т.д.; resign one's commission mil, подать в отставку
    2) resign a claim (all claims, all pretensions, rights, property, etc.) отказаться от требования /от претензии/ и т.д.
    3) resign all hope оставлять всякую надежду; resign one's expectations отказываться от своих надежд
    4. XI
    be resigned to smth. be resigned to the situation (to one's fate, etc.) примириться с положением дел и т.д.
    5. XVI
    1) resign from smth. resign from the Cabinet (from the chairmanship of a committee, etc.) выйти из состава правительства и т.д., resign from public life оставлять общественную деятельность; the man resigned from his job because of illness этот человек ушел с работы из-за болезни
    2) resign to smth. resign to the inevitability of death (to smth. as predestination, etc.) примириться с неизбежностью смерти и т.д.
    6. XVIII
    1) resign oneself to smth. resign oneself to fate (to one's fate, to the decrees of fate, to Heaven's will, to the inevitable, etc.) примириться с судьбой и т.д.; resign oneself to smb.'s direction (to another's guidance, to smb.'s care, to his judgement, etc.) подчиниться чьему-л. руководству и т.д.; resign oneself to a solitary life (to the performance of a disagreeable duty, etc.) примириться /смириться/ с одинокой жизнью и т.д.; resign oneself to doing smth. I'll have to resign myself to being alone while you are away мне придется примириться со своим одиночеством, пока вас здесь не будет; the poor boy resigned himself to passing the night under the stars бедный мальчик смирился с тем, что ему придется провести ночь под открытым небом; we must resign ourselves to doing without his help for a time нам нужно примириться с тем, что некоторое время придется обходиться без его помощи
    2) resign oneself to smth. resign oneself to sleep погрузиться в сон; resign oneself to meditation (to rest, to pity, etc.) предаться размышлениям и т.д.; she resigned herself entirely to his will она полностью подчинилась его воле
    7. XXI1
    1) resign smth. in favour of smb. resign office in favour of the younger man отказаться от должности в пользу более молодого человека; resign smth. on (in) smth. he resigned his position on the school paper (on the Board, in the University, etc.) он отказался от своей должности в школьной газете и т.д.
    2) resign smth., smb. (in)to smb., smth. book. resign one's duties (one's post, etc.) to smb. передавать свои обязанности и т.д. другому; I resign my children to your care я оставляю своих детей на ваше попечение; he resigned his seat to a lady он уступал /передал/ свое место даме; resign one's duties into smb.'s [more capable /able/] hands передавать свои обязанности в чьи-л. [более надежные] руки
    3) resign smth. to smth. resign one's mind to smth. свыкнуться с мыслью о чем-л.; resign one's mind to one's fate примириться с судьбой; I do not willingly resign my mind to the idea of failure я неохотно примиряюсь /свыкаюсь/ с мыслью о неудаче
    8. XXIV1
    resign smth. as smb. resign one's post as headmaster отказаться от должности директора школы; resign one's position as a secretary of the club уходить с должности секретаря клуба

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > resign

  • 18 resign

    1) (to leave a job etc: If he criticizes my work again I'll resign; He resigned (from) his post.) dimitir
    2) ((with to) to make (oneself) accept (a situation, fact etc) with patience and calmness: He has resigned himself to the possibility that he may never walk again.) resignarse
    •
    - resigned
    resign vb dimitir
    tr[rɪ'zaɪn]
    1 dimitir ( from, de), presentar la dimisión
    1 dimitir de
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to resign oneself to something resignarse a algo
    resign [ri'zaɪn] vt
    1) quit: dimitir, renunciar
    2)
    to resign oneself : aguantarse, resignarse
    v.
    • dimitir v.
    • renunciar v.
    • resignar v.
    • separar v.
    rɪ'zaɪn
    1.
    intransitive verb renunciar, dimitir

    to resign from something — renunciar a algo, dimitir algo

    I resigned from the committee — renuncié a or dimití mi cargo en la comisión


    2.
    vt \<\<position\>\> renunciar a, dimitir

    3.
    v refl

    to resign oneself (TO something/-ING) — resignarse (a algo/+ inf)

    [rɪ'zaɪn]
    1.
    VT [+ office, post] dimitir de, renunciar a; [+ claim, task] renunciar a

    when he resigned the leadership — cuando dimitió de or renunció a la jefatura

    to resign o.s. to (doing) sth — resignarse a (hacer) algo

    2. VI
    1) dimitir, renunciar
    2) (Chess) abandonar
    * * *
    [rɪ'zaɪn]
    1.
    intransitive verb renunciar, dimitir

    to resign from something — renunciar a algo, dimitir algo

    I resigned from the committee — renuncié a or dimití mi cargo en la comisión


    2.
    vt \<\<position\>\> renunciar a, dimitir

    3.
    v refl

    to resign oneself (TO something/-ING) — resignarse (a algo/+ inf)

    English-spanish dictionary > resign

  • 19 resign

    1. transitive verb
    (hand over) zurücktreten von [Amt]; verzichten auf (+ Akk.) [Recht, Anspruch]

    resign one's job/post — seine Stelle/Stellung kündigen

    2. reflexive verb 3. intransitive verb
    [Arbeitnehmer:] kündigen; [Regierungsbeamter:] zurücktreten ( from von); [Vorsitzender:] zurücktreten, sein Amt niederlegen
    * * *
    1) (to leave a job etc: If he criticizes my work again I'll resign; He resigned (from) his post.) aufgeben
    2) ((with to) to make( oneself) accept (a situation, fact etc) with patience and calmness: He has resigned himself to the possibility that he may never walk again.) sich fügen
    •
    - academic.ru/61764/resignation">resignation
    - resigned
    * * *
    re·sign
    [rɪˈzaɪn]
    I. vi
    1. (leave one's job) kündigen
    to \resign from a job einen Job kündigen
    to \resign from an office/a post von einem Amt/einem Posten zurücktreten
    2. CHESS aufgeben
    II. vt
    1. (give up)
    ▪ to \resign sth etw aufgeben
    to \resign an office/a post ein Amt/einen Posten niederlegen
    to resign from a company/an office aus dat einer Firma/einem Amt ausscheiden
    to \resign a hopeless position das Spiel aufgeben
    to \resign oneself to a fact/one's fate/the inevitable sich akk mit einer Tatsache/seinem Schicksal/dem Unvermeidlichen abfinden
    * * *
    [rI'zaɪn]
    1. vt
    1) (= give up) office, post zurücktreten von, abgeben; claim, rights aufgeben, verzichten auf (+acc)
    2)

    to resign oneself to doing sth — sich damit abfinden, etw zu tun

    See:
    → also resigned
    2. vi
    (from public appointment, committee) zurücktreten; (employee) kündigen; (civil servant, clergyman) sein Amt niederlegen; (teacher) aus dem Dienst ausscheiden

    he resigned from ( his job with) "The Times" — er hat (seine Stelle) bei der "Times" gekündigt

    to resign to the inevitable — sich in das Unvermeidliche fügen

    * * *
    resign [rıˈzaın]
    A v/t
    1. die Hoffnung, ein Recht etc aufgeben
    2. auf einen Anspruch etc verzichten
    3. ein Amt etc niederlegen
    4. überlassen (to dat):
    resign a property to s.o
    5. resign o.s. sich hingeben (to dat):
    resign o.s. to meditation
    6. resign o.s. sich anvertrauen oder überlassen (to dat):
    resign o.s. to sb’s guidance
    7. resign o.s. (to) sich ergeben oder fügen (dat oder in akk), sich abfinden (mit):
    resign o.s. to one’s fate;
    resign o.s. to doing sth sich damit abfinden, etwas tun zu müssen
    B v/i
    1. → A 7
    2. a) zurücktreten ( from von einem Amt), abdanken:
    resign from → a. A 3;
    force sb to resign jemanden zum Rücktritt zwingen
    b) austreten ( from aus)
    3. verzichten
    4. → A 7:
    resign to the inevitable sich in das Unvermeidliche fügen
    * * *
    1. transitive verb
    (hand over) zurücktreten von [Amt]; verzichten auf (+ Akk.) [Recht, Anspruch]

    resign one's job/post — seine Stelle/Stellung kündigen

    2. reflexive verb 3. intransitive verb
    [Arbeitnehmer:] kündigen; [Regierungsbeamter:] zurücktreten ( from von); [Vorsitzender:] zurücktreten, sein Amt niederlegen
    * * *
    v.
    Amt niederlegen ausdr.
    abdanken v.
    aufgeben v.
    resignieren v.
    verzichten (auf) v.
    zurücktreten v.

    English-german dictionary > resign

  • 20 cesar

    v.
    1 to sack.
    2 to stop or cease.
    sin cesar non-stop, incessantly
    El temblor cesó al fin The quake ceased at last.
    3 to cease, to quit, to give up.
    Cesó It ceased.
    4 to suspend.
    La profesora cesó las lecciones The teacher suspended the lessons.
    5 to lay off, to fire, to remove from the job, to dismiss.
    El gerente cesó a la secretaria The director dismissed the secretary.
    6 to quit having, to cease to have, to stop having.
    Me cesó la calentura I stopped having fever.
    * * *
    1 to cease, stop
    2 (en un empleo) to leave, quit
    \
    sin cesar incessantly
    * * *
    verb
    1) to cease, stop
    * * *
    1. VI
    1) (=parar) to stop

    • no cesar de hacer algo, el paro no cesa de aumentar — unemployment is constantly increasing

    • sin cesar — incessantly, nonstop

    2) (=dimitir) to leave, quit (EEUU)

    cesar en su cargo — [empleado] to resign, leave one's job; [alto cargo] to leave office

    2. VT
    1) (=despedir) to dismiss
    2) (=parar) [+ ataque] to stop
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( parar) to stop

    cesar de + inf — to stop -ing

    2) (frml o period) ( dimitir)

    cesó en su cargo — she left her post, she resigned

    2.
    cesar vt (frml o period) ( despedir) to dismiss
    * * *
    = cease, terminate, cashier.
    Ex. After collection has ceased (because a point of diminishing returns appears to have been reached), the cards must be put into groups of 'like' terms.
    Ex. At coffee yesterday Jeff Gordon had apprised her of the fact that three of his engineers had been summarily terminated.
    Ex. His case was referred to the next session, and in the following May he was cashiered.
    ----
    * cesar repentinamente = come to + an abrupt end, come to + a swift end.
    * hostilidades + cesar = hostilities + cease.
    * Julio César = Julius Caesar.
    * sin cesar = steadily.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( parar) to stop

    cesar de + inf — to stop -ing

    2) (frml o period) ( dimitir)

    cesó en su cargo — she left her post, she resigned

    2.
    cesar vt (frml o period) ( despedir) to dismiss
    * * *
    = cease, terminate, cashier.

    Ex: After collection has ceased (because a point of diminishing returns appears to have been reached), the cards must be put into groups of 'like' terms.

    Ex: At coffee yesterday Jeff Gordon had apprised her of the fact that three of his engineers had been summarily terminated.
    Ex: His case was referred to the next session, and in the following May he was cashiered.
    * cesar repentinamente = come to + an abrupt end, come to + a swift end.
    * hostilidades + cesar = hostilities + cease.
    * Julio César = Julius Caesar.
    * sin cesar = steadily.

    * * *
    Caesar
    al César lo que es del César ( Bib) render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's
    * * *

    cesar ( conjugate cesar) verbo intransitivo
    1 ( parar) to stop;
    cesar de hacer algo to stop doing sth;

    2 (frml o period) ( dimitir):

    cesar verbo intransitivo
    1 (parar) to stop, cease [de, -]: trabajamos sin cesar durante horas, we worked without a rest for hours ➣ Ver nota en cease
    2 (en un cargo o puesto) to resign [como/en, as]
    ' cesar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    terminar
    - parar
    - pasar
    English:
    and
    - Caesar
    - cease
    - incessantly
    - steadily
    - terminate
    * * *
    César n pr
    Hist Caesar;
    César Augusto Augustus (Caesar);
    dar (a Dios lo que es de Dios y) al César lo que es del César to render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's (and to God the things which are God's)
    * * *
    I v/i
    1 stop;
    no cesar de hacer algo keep on doing sth;
    sin cesar non-stop
    2
    :
    II v/t dismiss
    * * *
    cesar vi
    : to cease, to stop
    cesar vt
    : to dismiss, to lay off

    Spanish-English dictionary > cesar

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • post — post1 W3S3 [pəust US poust] n ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(job)¦ 2¦(postal system)¦ 3¦(letters)¦ 4¦(collection/delivery)¦ 5¦(piece of wood/metal)¦ 6¦(football/hockey etc)¦ 7¦(newspaper)¦ 8¦(soldier/guard etc)¦ 9 border/military/customs/police post …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • post — post1 W3S3 [pəust US poust] n ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(job)¦ 2¦(postal system)¦ 3¦(letters)¦ 4¦(collection/delivery)¦ 5¦(piece of wood/metal)¦ 6¦(football/hockey etc)¦ 7¦(newspaper)¦ 8¦(soldier/guard etc)¦ 9 border/military/customs/police post …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • post — I [[t]po͟ʊst[/t]] LETTERS, PARCELS, AND INFORMATION ♦♦ posts, posting, posted 1) N SING: the N, also by N The post is the public service or system by which letters and packages are collected and delivered. [mainly BRIT] You ll receive your book… …   English dictionary

  • English post-Reformation oaths — The English Protestant Reformation was imposed by the English Crown, and submission to its essential points was exacted by the State with post Reformation oaths. With some solemnity, by oath, test, or formal declaration, English churchmen and… …   Wikipedia

  • English Post-Reformation Oaths —     English Post Reformation Oaths     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► English Post Reformation Oaths     The English Reformation having been imposed by the Crown, it was natural that submission to the essential points of its formularies should have… …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Post Vatican II history of the Roman Catholic Church — includes the recent history of the Roman Catholic Church since the Second Vatican Council. It focuses on the influences of the Council on the Roman Catholic Church, the Church s reactions to it, and subsequent historical deveopments to the… …   Wikipedia

  • Post-War France — France after LibérationBetween 1944 and 1946 France was ruled by the Provisional Government of the French Republic ( Gouvernement provisoire de la République française , GPRF). On June 2, 1944 the French Committee of National Liberation (Comité… …   Wikipedia

  • Post-Occupation Japan — Following the end of the Allied occupation in 1952, Japan emerged as a global economic power.Post occupation politicsThe Allied occupation ended on April 28, 1952, when the terms of the Treaty of San Francisco went into effect. By the terms of… …   Wikipedia

  • History of post-Soviet Russia — With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991, the Russian Federation became an independent country. Russia was the largest of the fifteen republics that made up the Soviet Union, accounting for over 60% of the GDP and over half of… …   Wikipedia

  • History of post-Communist Albania — In 1992 the Democratic Party of Albania took control of the country through democratic elections, deposing the Communist Party of Albania. Since 1992 Albania has been seeking a closer relationship with the West. What followed were deliberate… …   Wikipedia

  • Joseph Post — Joseph Mozart Post OBE (10 April 1906 – 27 December 1972) was an Australian conductor and music administrator. He made an unrivalled contribution to the development of opera conducting in Australia and was, in Roger Covell s words, the first… …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»